Generally speaking, coating gets a substrate covered with an applicant while painting (a type of coating) is merely applying a runny or viscous polymer to a surface that may or may not be pre-treated.

Polymer coating which offer hiding properties can be called as paint. Polymer coat can be transparent as well. Lacquers, varnishes, enamels are also part of polymer coating. There is no such difference in formulation.

type of: coat, coating. a thin layer covering something. paint, pigment. a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating.

The global paint and coatings industry is a major subset of the international chemical industry. Coatings refer broadly to any type of covering that is applied to an object's surface for functional or decorative reasons, or both.